The risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are more prevalent in the Chinese population, and therefore, increase the incidence of CVD. In general, CVD morbidity and mortality will remain an upward trend in the next 10 years. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in China, which accounts for >40% of deaths from any cause. The burden of CVD is substantial and has become an important public health issue. Measures for the prevention and treatment of CVD in China should be further enforced without delay. Since 2005, the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases has organized experts of cardiology, neurology, nephrology, diabetes, epidemiology, community health, health economics, biostatistics, and other related fields to compile the annual Report on Cardiovascular Diseases in China. The report aims to provide a timely review of the trend of the epidemic of CVD and to assess the progress of prevention and control of CVD. We present an abstract from the Report on